… Heart Care The U.S. healthcare system is facing a shortage of specialists trained to support pacemakers, implantable defibrillators, and other cardiac devices. While … people develop heart conditions that require implanted devices. Millions now rely on pacemakers or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), and that number is … don’t just “program machines”—they interact with anxious patients, explain how devices work, detect early signs of malfunction, and coordinate with …